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Novel HPC Technologies for Scalable CAE: The Case for Parallel I/O and File Systems
Stan Posey - Panasas, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA
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As HPC continues its aggressive platform migration from proprietary supercomputers and Unix servers to HPC
clusters, expectations grow for clusters to meet the I/O demands of increasing fidelity in CAE modeling and data
management in the CAE workflow. Cluster deployments have increased as organizations seek ways to cost-
effectively grow compute resources for CAE applications, and during this migration many also implemented
conventional ...
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The Performance of 10-Million Element Car Model by MPP Version of LS-DYNA® on Fujitsu PRIMEPOWER
Mitsuhiro Makino - Computational Science and Engineering Solution Center, Fujitsu Limited
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In automotive industries, car crash analysis by finite element methods is a very important tool for reducing the
development time and cost. In order to get the accurate results, in addition to the improvement of the finite element
technology, such as full-integrated shell elements, smaller size of finite element mesh is used, because finer meshes
represent the car geometry more accurately, and reduce the noise of contact force. The batch mesh ...
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Optimizing LS-DYNA® Productivity in Cluster Environments
Gilad Shainer, Swati Kher - Mellanox Technologies
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Increasing demand for computing power in scientific and engineering applications has spurred deployment of high-
performance computing (HPC) clusters. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
are computational technologies that can take advantage of HPC clusters for increasing engineering design
productivity, reduce development cost and faster time to market. The end-user benefits are far more ...
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Intel Cluster Ready Support for LS-DYNA®/MPP
Tim Prince - Intel Corporation
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The Intel Cluster Ready program enables LS DYNA/MPP users to buy, install, and use clusters more effectively.
It includes a joint Intel and cluster supplier certification process to ensure the cluster the LS-DYNA user purchases
is designed and built to specification. Intel supplied software tools support verification of initial and ongoing
operation and performance of the cluster.
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LS-DYNA Performance Improvements with Multi-Rail MPI on SGI Altix ICE Clusters
Olivier Schreiber, Michael Raymond, Srinivas Kodiyalam - SGI
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Multi-Rail networks can improve MPI communication performance by distributing the communication traffic to
multiple independent networks (rails). Messages are divided into several chunks and sent out simultaneously using
multiple rails. With the dual plane network topology of SGI Altix ICE clusters, MPI communication can hence utilize
both the InfiniBand rails, including, ib0 and ib1 fabrics. The performance gains achievable with LS-DYNA ...
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Comparison of Hybrid III Rigid Body Dummy Models
Stephen Kang, Paul Xiao - Ford Motor Company
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Hybrid III Dummy Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) models have long been used for aspects
of vehicle design, including vehicle structure and restraint systems to meet regulatory safety
rating targets and internal company requirements. The quality and run time of these CAE models
in simulating physical dummies directly affects the usefulness of CAE tools in vehicle
development. The objective of this study is to compare the responses of the ...
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Ideas on Applying Very Fine Models in Dummy Model Development
Uli Franz, Alexander Gromer, Jens Zschieschack - DYNAmore GmbH
Matthias Walz - Mercedes Car Group, Daimler AG
Yupeng Huang - Sunrise Auto Safety Technology
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Very fine models allow investigating the behavior of dummies with high accuracy. Even if ele-
ment numbers for a dummy model above 3 Million elements are currently not suitable for stan-
dard simulation in vehicle development, the usage of such models contribute to the development
of coarser dummy models. Due to the detailed representation physical effects occurring can be
captured very realistically with the very fine models. The paper ...
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The Effect of using Rigid ISOFIX on the Injury Potential of Toddlers in Near-side Impact Crashes
Tanya Kapoor, William Altenhof - University of Windsor
Andrew Howard - The Hospital for Sick Children
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This research focuses on the injury potential of children seated in forward facing child safety seats during side
impact crashes in a near side seated position. Side impact dynamic sled tests were conducted by NHTSA at
Transportation Research Center Inc. using a Hybrid III 3-year-old child dummy in convertible forward/rearward
child safety seat. The seat was equipped with a LATCH and a top tether and the dummy was positioned ...
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WorldSID Dummy Model Development in Cooperation with German Automotive Industry
Alexander Gromer, Sebastian Stahlschmidt - DYNAmore GmbH
Peter Schuster - Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG
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The paper describes methodology used to develop the PDB WorldSID model. The test database generated to build
and validate the models is described, as well as the design process of a new barrier shape to validate
the model in respect to the new FMVSS 214 oblique pole test. Finally, the performance of the
current development release is presented.
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Simulation of Progressive Deformable Barrier (PDB) Tests
Chung-Kyu Park, Seong-Woo Hong, Pradeep Mohan, Richard M. Morgan, Cing-Dao (Steve) Kan - The George Washington University
Kisu Lee, Shinhee Park, Hanil Bae - Hyundai Motor Co. & KIA Motors Corp.
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This paper describes the Finite Element (FE) model development of the Progressive Deformable Barrier (PDB).
The FE model of the PDB incorporates shear tearing effect and air pressure effect of the honeycomb in the PDB.
The developed PDB is used in several vehicle-to-PDB simulations to check its robustness. Five different makes and
models of passenger vehicles are selected for the simulation of PDB tests. Finally, the aggressiveness of ...
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New Finite Element Model for NHTSA Impact Barrier
Mehrdad Asadi - Cellbond Composites Ltd., UK
Brian Walker - Arup
Hassan Shirvani - Anglia Ruskin University, UK
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The US Federal Standard for Side Impact Protection (FMVSS 214) uses a deformable barrier and defines the
dimensions and materials of the barrier, as well as the crush strength of the aluminium honeycomb parts in the main
block and the bumper. This deformable barrier is also used for rear impact according to the updated FMVSS 301.
This paper represents the methodology to create the advanced Finite Element model of Cellbond’s NHTSA barrier
and ...
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Modeling Self-Piercing Riveted Joint Failures in Automotive Crash Structures
P.K.C. Wood, C. A. Schley - University of Warwick, England
M. Buckley - Jaguar and Land Rover, England
B. Walker, Ove - Arup and Partners, England
T. Dutton - Dutton Simulation, England
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This paper describes a new model and method to predict Self-Piercing Riveted (SPR) joint interlock failures in
aluminium sheet at crash speeds using explicit finite element simulation. SPR interlock failure is dependent on rivet
direction, which is included in the model. A mesh independent approach is adopted for connection model which is
capable of industrial application at the full vehicle crash analysis level. The paper provides an ...
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Modeling Rebound of Foam Backed Racetrack Barriers
John D. Reid, Robert W. Bielenberg - University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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Modeling energy absorbing foams that restore back to their original shape can be extremely challenging, especially
when the foam is crushed over 90%. However, the foam used in the SAFER racetrack barrier does indeed nearly
return to its’ original shape after severe crushing. The desire to model this behavior led to the use of the Fu Chang
foam model available in LS-DYNA .
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Gas Dynamic Simulation of Curtain Airbag Deployment through Interior Trims
Bill Feng, David Coleman - Jaguar Cars and Land Rover
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The curtain airbag is usually simulated by a uniform pressure method in which the pressure of the airbag is
considered as constant. This is correct when the airbag is fully deployed. However, this assumption is not valid
during the curtain airbag deployment phase, where the gas flow passing through each chamber can be clearly seen.
Therefore it is impossible to simulate the intermediate sequences of the airbag deployment correctly by using ...
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Benchmark Study on the AIRBAG_PARTICLE Method for Out-Of-Position Applications
Wenyu Lian - General Motors
Dilip Bhalsod - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
Lars Olovsson - IMPETUS Afea
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The demands for developing safety restraint systems that perform well under Out-Of-Position (OOP) conditions
have increased significantly in recent years. At the same time, the development of simulation capabilities for OOP
have made progress in most major crash/safety software, such as the coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian approach (here
referred to as AIRBAG_ALE) in LS-DYNA® by LSTC. Similar technologies are applied in MSC-Dytran by MSC ...
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Development of Finite Element Models of Restraint System for Injury Analysis in Side Impact
Satoshi Fukushima, Koushi Kumagai, Tsuyoshi Yasuki - Toyota Motor Corporation
Yoshiharu Sonoda, Yu Setoyama - Toyota Technical Development Corporation
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The use of occupant protection simulation by finite element model is increasing for vehicle development. Finite
element models of moving deformable barrier honeycomb, vehicle body, dummy, and restraint system have been
developed to predict the dummy injury values. To more accurately predict the dummy injury indices in side impact
analysis, this paper describes the improvement of finite element models of restraint system such as torso airbag ...
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Pelvic Response Investigation of Lateral Loading Conditions using Finite Element Models
Jaeho Shin, Costin D. Untaroiu, Jeff R. Crandall - University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics
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Since the limited space between the car structure and an occupant makes it difficult to manage side impact
energy, much biomechanical investigation has been done by subjecting the pelvis to lateral loading. In this study,
the dummy finite element model was partially modified to verify the lateral pelvic loading by a rectangular shape
impactor and used to explain in detail the previous investigation under iso-energy. In order to better ...
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Comparison of ALE and SPH Simulations of Vertical Drop Tests of a Composite Fuselage Section into Water
Karen E. Jackson, Yvonne T. Fuchs - NASA Langley Research Center Hampton
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Simulation of multi-terrain impact has been identified as an important research area for improved prediction of
rotorcraft crashworthiness within the NASA Subsonic Rotary Wing Aeronautics Program on Rotorcraft
Crashworthiness. As part of this effort, two vertical drop tests were conducted of a 5-ft-diameter composite fuselage
section into water. For the first test, the fuselage section was impacted in a baseline configuration without ...
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An Implicit Incompressible CFD Solver in LS-DYNA for Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems
Facundo Del Pin - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
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The present work is an introduction to a new CFD solver in LS-DYNA®. This solver is part of the efforts put in LS-
DYNA with the objective to expand the capabilities into new challenging problems in industry. The new CFD solver
will focus on fluid-structure interaction (FSI) applications where incompressible fluids interact with the existing
structures in LS-DYNA. Incompressible flows are present in a great variety of industrial applications ...
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2D to 3D ALE Mapping
Nicolas Aquelet - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
Mhamed Souli - Laboratoire de Mecanique de Lille
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A 2D MMALE (Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrange Euler) code was implemented in LS-DYNA®. Like the 3D
MMALE already available each 2D computational cycle is divided in two steps. First a multi-material version of the
two-dimensional shell formulations solves the physical problem on quadrangle meshes during the Lagrangian step.
The 2D shell formulations are plane strain and area-weighted axisymmetric. An advection step adapted to the 2D
shell ...
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Using the New Compressible Fluid Solver in LS-DYNA CESE Solver and the Input File Setup
Zeng-Chan Zhang - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
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In this new compressible fluid solver, the conservation element and solution element (CESE) method[1, 2] is used. The
CESE method is a novel numerical method for solving conservation laws and it has many nontraditional features,
such as:
• Space and time conservation ⎯ Flux conservation can be maintained very well both locally and globally in
space & time.
• Accurate ⎯ It is 2nd order for both flow variables and their ...
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Simulation of Ballistic Impact on Composite Panels
Matti Loikkanen - Propulsion Engineering Technology & Research
Grama Praveen - Global Research Center, General Electric Company
David Powell - University of California, Berkeley
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Ballistic impact on composite panels is studied in this work both experimentally and computationally. The purpose
was to develop computational methods to analyze a high speed jet engine fragment impacting on composite targets.
12 inch by 12 inch laminated panels with 8, 16, and 32 plies and the standard +-45, 0 /90 degree stacking sequences
were considered. With the nominal ply thickness of 0.0075 inches, the corresponding panel thicknesses ...
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LS-DYNA® Impact Simulation of Composite Sandwich Structures with Balsa Wood Core
L. J. Deka, U. K. Vaidya - The University of Alabama at Birmingham
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The impact damage response of balsa core sandwich composite plates with S2-glass/ epoxy reinforced facesheets is
evaluated by impacting them with a spherical steel projectile at single impact locations. The impact damage can
significantly reduce the structural integrity and load bearing capacity of a composite structure. Under high velocity
impact loading, laminated composites experience significant damage causing fiber breakage, matrix ...
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The Use of LS-DYNA® Models to Predict Containment of Disk Burst Fragments
Eric Stamper, Steven Hale - CAE Associates Inc.
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Turbomachinery manufacturers commonly test the centrifugal strength of their rotors in a vertical axis spin test,
often called a disk burst test. The design of the containment shell that encloses the disk burst event is critical to
ensure the safety of the area surrounding the test. A common method used to design the containment shell for a
turbine disk burst test is based on the assumption that the kinetic energy lost by the disk fragments ...
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Application of the SPH Method for Simulation of Aerospace Structures under Impact Loading
M-A Lavoie, A. Gakwaya1 - Laval University, Cité Universitaire, Quebec, Canada
M. Nejad Ensan - National Research Council, Ottawa, Ont. Canada.
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The SPH method is applied in industrial level problems as encountered for example in studies related to bird impact
on composite aircraft structures. This paper first demonstrates the accuracy of the method for bird impact on rigid
target modeling and then applies the developed model to a more complex problem, namely the secondary bird
impact.
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Studies on Behavior of Carbon and Fiberglass Epoxy Composite Laminates under Low Velocity Impact Loading using LS-DYNA
Bhushan S. Thatte, Gautam S. Chandekar, Ajit D. Kelkar - North Carolina A&T State University
Pramod Chaphalkar - Grand Valley State University
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The desired characteristics of materials in modern aircraft applications require high specific modulus and high
specific strength for low specific weight. Composite structures, fabricated using carbon and glass fabrics in
conjunction with epoxy resin manufactured via the heated vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (H-VARTM)
process are now being considered as a low cost alternative to conventional materials without compromising ...
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A Simple Global/Local Approach to Modeling Ballistic Impact onto Woven Fabrics
M. P. Rao, M. Keefe - University of Delaware, Newark
B. M. Powers, T. A. Bogetti - United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground
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The objective of this study is to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of an LS-DYNA® Global/Local model for
studying the non-linear mechanics of woven fabrics under ballistic impact. The presented approach is built on the
observed response of fabrics in experimental studies performed at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). In
particular, two-layer test patches of 600 denier Kevlar KM2® fabrics are modeled with the aim of ...
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A Heterogeneous Constitutive Model for Reinforced Carbon-Carbon using LS-DYNA
Kelly S. Carney, Robert K. Goldberg, J. Michael Pereira - NASA Glenn Research Center, USA
Ryan S. Lee, Jeremie J. Albert - The Boeing Company
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Reinforced Carbon-Carbon (RCC) is a ceramic matrix, coated C/C composite used in the Space Shuttle’s thermal
protection system. A constitutive model for RCC is presented that separates the coating and substrate within a
multi-material shell element allowing for bending strains to be accurately computed during a finite element
analysis. Version 971 of LS-DYNA contains a new shell element formulation that allows for different ...
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A Cyclic Damaged Plasticity Model: Implementation and Applications
Yuli Huang, Stephen A. Mahin - University of California at Berkeley
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In analysis and design of structures subjected to earthquakes, the cyclic and dynamic nature of the response leads to
complications. Material models need to account for cyclic plasticity, including deterioration and eventual failure
due to low-cycle fatigue. A cyclic damage plasticity model MAT_DAMAGE_3 (MAT_153, LSTC 2007) is
implemented to combine Armstrong-Frederick/Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening, isotropic hardening, and
Lemaitre ...
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The Influence of Permanent Volumetric Deformation on the Reduction of the Load Bearing Capability of Plastic Components
P.A. Du Bois - Consultant, Germany
S. Kolling - Gießen University of Applied Sciences, Germany
M. Feucht - Daimler AG, Germany
A. Haufe - DYNAmore GmbH, Germany
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During the past years polymer materials have gained enormous importance in the automotive industry. Especially
their application for interior parts to help in passenger safety load cases and their use for bumper fascias in pedes-
trian safety load cases have driven the demand for much more realistic finite element simulations. For such applica-
tions the material model 187 (i.e. MAT_SAMP-1) in LS-DYNA® has been developed.
In the present ...
