BioRID II Dummy Model Development -- Influence of Parameters in Validation and Consumer Tests

Whiplash injuries frequently occur in low speed rear crashes. Many consumer and insurance organizations use the BioRID II dummy, to assess the risk of whiplash injuries in car accidents. An LS-DYNA model of the BioRID II dummy has been developed by DYNAmore GmbH in cooperation with the German Automotive Industry. In the consortium a huge effort has been made to build a test database for the development of the FE-dummy. This paper describes the effort performed to generate the experimental data for material, component and full dummy validation. The dummy contains a considerable number of pre-stressed parts which can not be neglected since it stiffens the neck significantly. In order to capture the occurring pre-stresses appropriately the modeling techniques require the application of new features in LS-DYNA and specific handling during pre-processing. The paper describes the model and shows its performance in validation tests. Finally, different whiplash simulations are used to emphasize influences of selected parameters on injury criteria of the BioRID II model.