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An Investigation of Modeling Approaches for Material Instability of Aluminum Sheet Metal using the GISSMO Model

The most generally accepted tool for the assessment of formability of sheet material up to the present date is the forming limit diagram (FLD). It allows the identification of critical areas in a sheet - forming simulation where critical thinning or the appearance of cracks is to be expected. The FLD is determined experimentally in Nakajima tests and is widely used in the design of sheet forming processes . However it is known that the assessment based on the FLD is incomplete.