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7th European LS-DYNA Conference
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Use of the FTSS Modular Crash Dummy Models in Frontal Occupant Simulation
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Richard Brown - Jaguar Land Rover
Legal and consumer crash tests use crash dummies as the key measurement device in the assessment of crash severity. The dummies are complex assemblies in themselves, and sophisticated DYNA FE models are available, with a significant amount of validation testing to support them. In a large vehicle crash model, the dummy is typically responsible for 10-20% of the CPU time, and there is no strong motivation to reduce its size; in fact, the tendency ...
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On Predicting Lower Leg Injuries for the EuroNCAP Front Crash
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Thomas Hofer - Altair Engineering GmbH
Peter Karlsson - Saab Automobile AB
Niclas Brännberg - Altair Engineering AB
Lars Fredriksson - Altair Engineering GmbH
Validation of occupant lower leg injury performance is a difficult procedure due to the complex
interaction between occupant and vehicle structure. As a starting point, a carefully validated structural
model is crucial to ensure the accurate load of the occupant model in terms of acceleration and
applied forces. However, even after a tedious validation of structural performance and occupant
environment, the calculated tibia values might ...
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Development of a Flex-PLI LS-DYNA Model
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Shinya Hayashi - JSOL Corporation
Masahiro Awano, Isamu Nishimura - Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
A biofidelic flexible pedestrian legform impactor (Flex-PLI) has been developed by Japan Automobile
Manufacturers Association, Inc. (JAMA) and Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI).
The Flex-PLI has good biofidelity as well as several knee ligament elongation measurement
capabilities, three femur and four tibia bending moment measurement capabilities. For these reasons
Flex-PLI is likely to be used for future pedestrian Global Technical ...
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Simplified FE Simulation of Frontal Occupant Restraint Systems
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Richard Brown, David Coleman, Ian Bruce - Jaguar Land Rover
A biofidelic flexible pedestrian legform impactor (Flex-PLI) has been developed by Japan Automobile
Manufacturers Association, Inc. (JAMA) and Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI).
The Flex-PLI has good biofidelity as well as several knee ligament elongation measurement
capabilities, three femur and four tibia bending moment measurement capabilities. For these reasons
Flex-PLI is likely to be used for future pedestrian Global Technical ...
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Finite Element Modeling of the Arresting Gear and Simulation of the Aircraft Deck Landing Dynamics
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Dmitriy Mikhaluk, Igor Voinov, Prof. Alexey Borovkov - CompMechLab of St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Deck arresting gear is a special aero-carrier unit that is destined to provide an efficient arrestment of
the deck jet-fighters of masses 10-25 tons with high landing velocities between 180 and 240 km/h.
Main elements of the modern arresting gear are a cable and a hydraulic system. During deck landing
the jet-fighter grasps the cable with a hook and draws it. The cable is threaded between a system of
blocks, that are forming a ...
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Integrative Optimization of injection-molded plastic parts - Multidisciplinary Shape Optimization including process induced properties
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Andreas Wüst, Torsten Hensel, Dirk Jansen - BASF SE
The Integrative Approach described in this paper incorporates effects of the part’s manufacturing
process (here: injection molding) into a new workflow for optimization of the part performance. The
new approach is able to close the gap between process simulation/optimization and mechanical
simulation/optimization.
New classes of design variables linked to the manufacturing process complicate the workflow of the
optimization. The newly ...
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Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization exploiting the efficiency of ANSA-LSOPT-META coupling
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Korbetis Georgios, Siskos Dimitrios - BETA CAE Systems S.A
Simple optimization techniques may serve well for the improvement of product performance at early
concept design phases. At final phases though, optimization problems become more complex, with
many variables and multiple optimum solutions. This leads to the need for the deployment of multi-
disciplinary optimization techniques where many different load cases and analysis types, such as for
Crash, NVH, CFD etc., are combined to achieve the ...
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Geometry-Based Topology Optimization - Improving Head Impact Performance of an Engine Hood
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D. Weiss, B. Sonntag, T. Krumenaker, Dr. D. Nowottny, Dr. J. Sprave, W. Hipp - Daimler AG
The actual paper introduces the integration of LS-DYNA and CATIA V5 into automatic geometry-
based topology optimization of an engine hood regarding pedestrian head impact.
In current design processes, such Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) tools, along with structural
optimization, have become essential elements to provide efficient and reliable structures. However,
the required iterative process of adjusting steps between simulation and ...
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Topology and Geometry Based Structure Optimization using Implicit Parametric Models1 and LS-OPT
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H.Zimmer, M.Prabhuwaingankar - SFE GmbH
F.Duddeck - Privatdozent
Today’s vehicle development process demands for quick evaluation of new designs considering the
various attributes in the conceptual phase. Various CAx tools and methods are essential to realize
these assessments in a very narrow time frame. New design variants with desired criteria should be
quickly created and analyzed. Beside NVH behavior and other criteria crash safety needs to be
addressed too as early as possible. Synergy in CAE ...
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A Topology Optimization Tool for LS-DYNA Users: LS-OPT/Topology
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Tushar Goel, Willem Roux, Nielen Stander - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
Topology optimization is a very powerful tool to develop new concepts and has been widely used in
engineering problems involving static loading conditions. However, there has been relatively little work
for topology optimization of industrial size non-linear dynamic systems. The main issues are non-linear
interactions among the material properties, contacts between parts, large strain-rates, transient
behavior, etc. A hybrid cellular ...
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Integration of Morphing and Optimization with the CAx-Load Case Composer at AUDI
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Dr. Holger Meissner - AUDI AG
Marko Thiele - DYNAmore GmbH
The increasing demand to evaluate vast amounts of different load cases has led to a highly
standardized and automated way of model assembling at AUDI. This model assembling is greatly
assisted by the software “CAx Load Case Composer” which has been developed by DYNAmore in
cooperation with AUDI. The Loadcase Composer (LoCo) provides the user with convenient ways to
manage FE-model include files and allows to automatically select appropriate ...
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Practical Examples of Efficient Design Optimisation by Coupling VR&D GENESIS and LS-DYNA
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David Salway, GRM Consulting Ltd. UK.
Paul-André Pierré, GRM Consulting Ltd. UK.
Martin Liebscher, Dynamore GMBH, Germany
With the ever increasing demand for the efficient use of materials to reduce manufacturing costs and
product mass; the use of optimisation techniques have become common place in CAE. The
optimisation techniques used for optimising in the non-linear domain, and those used for linear domain
problems have until recently been distinctly separate philosophies. For instance topology optimisation
would be used with linear static analyses, but could ...
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Grouping detection of uncertain structural process by means of cluster analysis
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Aleksandra Piotrow, Stephan Pannier, Wolfgang Graf - TU Dresden
Martin Liebscher - DYNAmore GmbH
Structural analysis under consideration of the uncertainty of input parameters, such as loads, material,
and geometry leads to uncertain time-dependent results. Such uncertain structural process shows for
the uncertain input parameters all possible behaviours of a structure. Modelling of uncertainty in input
parameters when only incomplete or expert knowledge based information is available requires the
introduction of the uncertainty model ...
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Variable Complexity Modeling for Speeding Up Multi- Run-Design-Tasks with Computationally Expensive Simulations
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Dr.-Ing. Holger Wenzel - SIMULIA SLM Europe
Optimization and the improvement of robustness and reliability in the early stages of the product
development is often attempted today using simulation methods together with algorithms that run
these simulations in an automated manner.
In this context the need often arises, to run the simulation models with small changes of the
geometry hundreds to tenth of thousands times. If these simulations are computationally expensive,
like a full ...
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Optimization and robustness of complex material model simulations with modeFRONTIER
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Marco Perillo, Vito Primavera, Luca Fuligno - EnginSoft SpA
Giulia Fabbri, Casper Steenbergen, Nicolò Pasini - Automobili Lamborghini SpA
Experimental quasi-static and dynamic tests were conducted over different types of advanced material
samples, such as composite sandwich, in order to derive both mechanical and numerical input
parameters for LS-DYNA material models. The characterization of models addressed to reproduce the
behaviour of real materials takes great importance in order to simulate accurately complex
phenomena such as crash tests and impact events.
This work ...
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Automated Metamodeling for Efficient Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation of Complex Automotive Structures
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Dr. Florian Jurecka - FE-DESIGN GmbH
The use of multi-disciplinary optimisation methods (MDO) in the development process of complex
automotive structures is often hindered by several problems. The required resources for very
expensive simulations such as crash or 3D CFD analyses rapidly exceed the means available –
especially whenever many input parameters, disciplines or load cases are involved. Furthermore, we
have experienced that it can be difficult to assure stable runs of ...
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Optimization study of a parametric vehicle bumper subsystem under multiple load cases using LMS Virtual.Lab and OPTIMUS
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Laszlo Farkas, Cédric Canadas, Stijn Donders, Tom Van Langenhove, Nick Tzannetakis - LMS International
Johan Tielens, Danny Schildermans - PUNCH Metals N.V.
This paper deals with the design and optimization of a vehicle bumper subsystem,
which is a key scenario for vehicle component design. More than ever before, the
automotive industry operates in a highly competitive environment. Manufacturers must
deal with competitive pressure and with conflicting demands from customers and
regulatory bodies regarding the vehicle ...
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Process Chain Forming to Crash: Efficient Stochastic Analysis
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Tanja Clees, Daniela Steffes-lai - Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI
Martin Helbig - Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM
Karl Roll, Markus Feucht - Daimler AG
During the fabrication of products, important material and process parameters, geometry and also
external influences (e.g. room temperature) can vary considerably. It is known that they can have a
substantial, even critical influence on the quality of the resulting products. Therefore, software tools
and strategies supporting an efficient and thorough analysis of sensitivity, stability and robustness
aspects as well as a multi-objective ...
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Desicion Making in Multi-Objective Optimization for Industrial Applications - Data Mining and Visualization of Pareto Data
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Katharina Witowski, Martin Liebscher - DYNAmore GmbH
Tushar Goel - Livermore Software Technology Coorporation
Optimization of engineering structures where multiple (more or less conflicting) objectives are simulta-
neously considered, is getting more and more attractive in automotive industries. They usually involve
a large number of design variables and the objectives are subject to certain constraints. Unlike single-
objective problems, there are many trade-off solutions.
The most common approach of using a single aggregate objective function ...
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Adaptive Simulated Annealing for Global Optimization in LS-OPT
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Tushar Goel, Nielen Stander - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
The efficient search of global optimal solutions is an important contemporary subject. Different
optimization methods tackle the search in different ways. The gradient based methods are among the
fastest optimization methods but the final optimal solution depends on the starting point. The global
search using these methods is carried out by providing many starting points. Other optimization
methods like evolutionary algorithms that mimic the ...
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An inverse approach for material parameter identification in a cyclic bending test using LS-DYNA and LS-OPT
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Per-Anders Eggertsen - Chalmers University of Technology
Kjell Mattiasson - Chalmers University of Technology / Volvo Cars Safety Centre
The residual stresses in the blank after forming are the main cause for the subsequent springback in a
sheet forming operation. The accuracy of the predicted springback in a Finite Element simulation of
the forming operation is very much determined by the quality of the material modeling. Those parts of
the workpiece, which in particular contribute to the global springback, have usually been subjected to a
bending/unbending deformation mode, ...
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4a impetus - efficient evaluation of material cards for non-reinforced and reinforced thermoplastics
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Peter Reithofer, Martin Fritz, Reinhard Hafellner - 4a engineering GmbH
LS-DYNA© has included plenty of material cards, each of them offering different scalability and
complexity to describe the behavior of non- reinforced thermoplastics. The consideration of the strain
rate behavior is included in many material cards, e.g. in the well known
MAT_PICEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY. More complex material models can also handle varying
compression and tension behavior as well as unloading by using damage functions. One of ...
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Brick versus shell elements in simulations of aluminium extrusions subjected to axial crushing
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Ø. Fyllingen - Bergen University College
O.S. Hopperstad, A.G. Hanssen, M. Langseth - Norwegian University of Science and Technolog
In previous published literature, deviations in the mean crushing force and deformation
pattern have been found between simulations with plane stress shell elements and experimental
results for aluminium extrusions subjected to axial crushing. In the current study, simulations with solid
and shell element models were carried out and compared to experimental results to study the
influence of element type for this class of ...
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A heuristic attempt to reduce transverse shear locking in fully integrated hexahedra with poor aspect ratio
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Dr. Thomas Borrvall - Engineering Research Nordic AB
In an attempt to alleviate transverse shear locking in fully integrated hexahedra elements
with poor aspect ratio, two new variants of solid element type 2 in LS-DYNA have been
developed, implemented and tested on some critical problems. The approach is based on
modifying the jacobian matrix in such a way that the spurious stiffness is reduced without
affecting the true physical behavior of the element. The method is in a sense justified ...
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A Study of LS-DYNA Implicit Performance in MPP
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Dr. C. Cleve Ashcraft, Roger G. Grimes, and Dr. Robert F. Lucas - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
LS-DYNA models for Implicit Mechanics are getting larger and more complex. We are continually
seeing models where the linear algebra problems in Implicit Mechanics have 10M rows and know of at
least one that is nearly 40M rows. We expect users wanting to routinely solve problems with 30M very
soon. It is these very large linear algebra problems that distinguish the computer requirements for
Implicit Mechanics. This paper will present a study ...
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Simulation of acoustic and vibroacoustic problems in LS-DYNA using boundary element method
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Yun Hang - Livermore Software Technology Corporation
Mhamed Souli - University of Lille Laboratoire Mecanque de Lille
Rogelio Perez - Schneider Electric Industries Calcul & Simulation
The present work concerns the new capability of LS-DYNA® in solving acoustic and
vibroacoustic problems. In vibroacoustic problems, which are assumed to be weak
acoustic-structure interactions, the transient structural response is computed first. By
applying the FFT, it is transformed into a frequency response. The obtained result is
taken as boundary condition for the acoustic part of the vibroacoustic problem.
Consequently, the radiated ...
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On Adaptive Finite Element Analysis in Structural Dynamics of Shell-Like Structures - A Specific View on Practical Engineering Applications and Engineering Modelling
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Karl Schweizerhof - Universität Karlsruhe / DYNAmore GmbH
Stephan Kizio - Universität Karlsruhe
Adaptive Finite element analysis in structural analysis has reached a fairly mature status; however, in
practice only fairly little is visible in engineering applications. This contribution gives an overview over
some major aspects with a specific focus on structural dynamics of shell-like structures.
Adaptive analysis in structural mechanics is mainly focusing on static problems where a large number
of linear and nonlinear tasks in 3D ...
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Deformation Behaviour of Filled and Capped PET Bottles in the High-Speed Labeling Machine
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Bharat Chittepu, Matthias Hörmann, Ulrich Stelzmann - CADFEM GmbH
Harald Wels, Thomas Albrecht - KRONES AG
The increasing use of PET bottles has been and continues to be a dramatic growth story in the packaging industry. The adaption of PET bottles for soft drinks, juice drinks, water, food and other products continues to provide exciting packaging opportunities. Increasing use meant increase in demand and the need for saving time in the process chain of the packaging industry. One area where a high speed process is possible is labeling. In higher ...
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A Strategy to Design Bird-proof Spinners
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Prof. Marco Anghileri, Dr. Luigi-Maria L. Castelletti, Ing. Dario Molinelli, Ing. Federico Motta - Politecnico di Milano
Birdstrike is a serious threat for flight safety which causes every year remarkable losses. Even if
modern aircrafts are certified for a level of bird impact resistance, it may happen that structures
designed to carry aerodynamic loads, like a propeller spinner, may collapse after a bird strike. In
general, the collapse of the spinner is not a concern if the fly-home capability is not compromised.
In this paper, a strategy to design ...
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Bird Strike Analysis of Aircraft Engine Fan
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Y.N. Shmotin, P.V. Chupin, D.V. Gabov - NPO SATURN
А.А. Ryabov , V.I. Romanov , S.S. Kukanov - Sarov Engineering Center
Safety in accidental conditions is one of the important requirements an aviation jet engine must meet.
It is known that one of quite possible and very dangerous accident is a bird strike into the engine in the
flight. This case is characterized by the high speed impact of the bird onto rotating blades of the fan,
causing large dynamic deformations of the blades and other elements which may lead to
disintegration of the construction. That’s ...
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